Arboviral Diseases: A Growing Threat in the Americas

 

Mosquitoes transmit arboviral diseases and can cause severe illness. These diseases are endemic in most countries of Central America, South America, and the Caribbean, but they have been expanding beyond their transmission areas in recent years [1]. This poses a major regional public health challenge and a potential risk for international travel and trade.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of cases of dengue and chikungunya reported in the Americas in 2022 was more than double the number reported in 2021. Dengue accounted for 90% of the cases, while chikungunya accounted for 9% [1]. Both diseases peaked in May 2022, with the highest incidence rates observed in Nicaragua, Brazil, and Belize [1].

The increase in the incidence and geographical distribution of arboviral diseases is attributed to several factors, such as climate change, urbanization, population movement, and inadequate vector control [1], such as the use of mosquito nets and repellents. It is crucial to address these factors to prevent the spread of arboviral diseases. Public education campaigns can help raise awareness and promote preventive measures for mosquito-borne diseases.

The symptoms of dengue and chikungunya are similar. However, dengue can also cause bleeding, shock, and organ failure, while chikungunya can cause chronic arthritis and neurological complications [1]. Between EW 1 and 9 of 2023, 294 suspected cases of acute meningoencephalitis were reported [1]. The higher proportion of acute meningoencephalitis attributed to chikungunya in Paraguay is of concern. What is causing a higher rate of neurologic disease is not yet known [1]. There is no specific treatment or vaccine for either disease, so the best way to prevent them is to avoid mosquito bites and to seek medical attention if symptoms appear.

Artron Laboratories is committed to providing affordable solutions for the detection of arboviral diseases. Our tests can help diagnose dengue and chikungunya in a matter of minutes, allowing for timely and appropriate management of the patients and the prevention of further transmission.

We are proud to partner with health authorities, research institutions, and other stakeholders to make our tests available and accessible to those who need them. Contact us at info@artronlab.com if you want to learn more about our diagnostic tests.

 

[1] Geographical expansion of cases of dengue and chikungunya beyond the historical areas of transmission in the Region of the Americas. (2023, March 23). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON448